This chapter discusses the headings that negotiations need to be attentive to to reach a fair, efficient, and meaningful agreement. The agreement has to lead to deep decarbonization to stay under the 2-degree limit. Efficiency and achieving deep decarbonization in the least cost manner, while introducing concepts of fairness is important for climate mitigation, often incorporated into the phrase common but differentiated responsibilities. One of the headings for negotiations is “updating;” we must go into these negotiations understanding that this is a dynamic and adaptive process, in the sense of adapting to change in global realities more generally, new information, new technologies, new awareness, new science, and new understanding of what should be done. What are the real means of implementation of these agreements: what policy instruments are going to be chosen and who’s going to pay for the financing? There is also the question of capacity building which has been part of all agreements, as well as concerns of adaptations and resilience. This video is part of the module The Main Challenges of Climate Change Negotiations.

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