Foundation of Environmental Protection.
Forest degradation caused by Japanese colonization and the Korean War was massive in the early part of the 20th century. In 1948, the Korean government established the "Ten-year Plan for Erosion Control." The poor condition of Korean forests in the post-war period was exacerbated by the limited availability of energy resources. Significant efforts were made to develop the use of coal, as it was a more effective source of energy for heating and cooking. The government provided financial support for moving expenses to relocate households as well as encouraging alternative livelihoods through access to local public projects such as cattle breeding, sericulture, and growing seedlings.

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