In this chapter, Bill Horak discusses nuclear technology basics. He talks about the role of Columbia in the start of nuclear energy. He describes the process of nuclear fission in detail and compares the different types of nuclear reactors in use all over the world, for research, medical isotope production, and power generation. He discusses how nuclear energy fits into the energy mix globally, and where it is being phased out. There is a debate about the benefits and drawbacks of low-carbon nuclear energy, including the dangers of explosion and proliferation, and spent fuel repositories. He also talks about the options of Gen III and Gen IV power reactors.
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