In this chapter, Rita Mesquita discusses managing protected areas through the ecosystem approach, which is the basis of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The CBD has three main objectives: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of biological diversity components, and fair and equitable participation on benefits derived from the utilization of the resources of biodiversity. The ecosystem approach is organized into four pillars, which are the recognition of the systems, the social relations paradigm, the economic importance, and the paradigm of time and space. It is important to recognize the impact of resilience management on the future of this area and its people.

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