This chapter discusses the idea of safeguarding as ‘measures aimed at ensuring the viability of the intangible cultural heritage.’ Learners explore the concept of ‘viability’ as a means to ensure continued practice and transmission of intangible cultural heritage, and, above all, the continued transmission of the values and meaning it carries for the communities concerned and the socio-cultural functions it has in their lives. The difference between preservation (as used for tangible heritage) and safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage is discussed. In this context, the dynamic and changing nature of living heritage is once again emphasized and illustrated, leading to a discussion on the roles of different actors in the safeguarding process.

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